Friends of the Arboretum Newsletter

Number 17

December 1987

J. C. Raulston

CONTENTS PAGE

(My sincere special thanks to Mr. Bruce Mowrey, horticulture Ph.D. candidate graduate student - and computer whiz, who has transformed this newsletter at the last minute with incredible effort into new printing formats and methods for far greater polish than we've ever had before.)

COMING EVENTS

FEBRUARY 6-7 - CHARLOTTE CAMELLIA SOCIETY SPRING SHOW. To be held at South Park Mall, Charlotte, NC. Show chairpersons for contact - Susan & Walter Stone

(704-535-4115).

FEBRUARY 13 (SATURDAY) - GUILFORD HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY THIRD HORTICULTURAL SYMPOSIUM. This excellent program will feature three outstanding landscape plantsmen - Jim Wilson of PBS's Victory Garden; Norman Johnson - landscape architect and former garden editor for Southern Living Magazine; and Paul Calloway - noted historic garden restoration authority and designer. The program will be held at the Guilford Agricultural Extension Center, Greensboro, NC. For information contact Charles Bell (919-299-4681).

FEBRUARY 15 (MONDAY) - FRIENDS OF THE NCSU Arboretum (now the JC Raulston Arboretum) LECTURE AND SLIDE SHOW - MR. MARCO POLO STUFANO. Years ago Steve Wheaton at the Scott Arboretum of Swarthmore College repeatedly urged me to visit Wave Hill Gardens in New York as one of the finest plant oriented gardens in the country; later Christopher Lloyd in his visit of American gardens wrote about the garden in glowing terms in Horticulture magazine; and in 1986 I finally got to the garden for myself to see what these people and many others were raving about - and I could only agree it was stunning and wonderful. This fall I heard a second set of absolute rave reviews from plantsmen I greatly respect for a national symposium talk given by the director, Mr. Stufano who created the outstanding displays at Wave Hill. We are fortunate to have been able to convince (i.e. bribed by offers of thousands of cuttings and divisions from our collection) this noted plantsman to come for a visit of the gardens and plantsmen of N.C. and to give a talk to our membership. He will talk on AESTHETIC EXCELLENCE IN DESIGNING WITH PLANTS. Lecture at 8:00 PM, 3712 Bostian Hall, NCSU Campus. For those who cannot make an evening presentation - he will be presenting the same lecture to our students at 4:00 PM - Tuesday, Feb. 16 in room 159 Kilgore Hall. From the reviews I have had, this will likely be the most stunning slide presentation to ever be presented for our friends group. BE SURE TO ATTEND THIS WONDERFUL PROGRAM! (If in the New York City area - see the 28 acre garden at 675 West 252 St. [212-549-2055] - just north of Manhattan Island - accessible only by car).

FEBRUARY 20-21 WILSON CAMELLIA SHOW. To be held at Parkwood Mall, Wilson, NC. Show chairman for contact - Joe Austin (919-963-2735).

MARCH 1-2 - DAVIDSON HORTICULTURAL SYMPOSIUM IV. This outstanding program always features the very best of speakers and an electric atmosphere of learning and sharing. The program this year is entitled "Secrets of Site Design" and includes Gurdon Tarbok - director of Brookgreen Gardens; Hans Simon - renowned nurseryman from Germany; Ted Osmundson - San Francisco landscape architect; Joseph Hudak - Boston landscape architect and writer; Allen Lacy - noted garden writer; and Bryce Lane - NCSU horticulture faculty - a superb lecturer and 1987 NCSU outstanding teaching award winner. Space is limited and this meeting is by reservation only since it always sells out far in advance to the disappointment of many who want to attend. Reserve early - registration is $28 from Davidson Horticultural Symposium, PO Box 1145, Davidson, NC 28036 (Mrs. Hubbard; 704-892-5266).

MARCH 4 (FRIDAY) - FRIENDS OF THE NCSU ARBOREUM LECTURE AND SLIDE SHOW - DR. HANS SIMON. In 1986 we had the pleasure of hearing this outstanding plantsman from Germany discussing ornamental grass at a friends lecture; and we are doubly blessed by his return visit following his lecture at the Davidson Symposium. He will lecture on PERENNIALS IN GERMAN GARDENS. Lecture at 8:00 PM, 159 Kilgore Hall NCSU Campus.

MARCH 5-6 - FAYETTEVILLE CAMELLIA CLUB SPRING SHOW. To be held at Cross Creek Mall, Fayetteville, NC. Show chairman for contact - Joe Austin (919-963-2735).

MARCH 5 (SATURDAY) AND REPEATED MARCH 6 (SUNDAY), 1988 - 2:00 PM TOUR GUIDES TRAINING SESSION - TONY AVENT TOUR. Our requests for guided tours of the arboretum increases each year and there is a very strong need for more people to volunteer to be guides. Guides receive manuals and a training program to prepare for this activity - and free friends membership as a small bonus. Many peop!e hesitate to even consider doing such an activity fearing they must be incredibly knowledgeable about all the plants in the arboretum. Such detailed knowledge is not necessary (I couldn't explain every plant there) - guides share information about the programs and mission of the arboretum - and some of the plant highlights. You chose the frequency of your tours, the times convenient to you, and the type of group you would feel most comfortable with - childrens groups, garden clubs, retirement communities, etc. If you enjoy the arboretum and its plants, and would like to share your enthusiam with those just discovering it - you are urged to consider sharing time in this voluntary guide program. For further information contact either Vivian Finkelstein (919-847-3658) or Suzanne Edney (919-469-1853)

MARCH 12-13 - MEN'S PIEDMONT CAMELLlA CLUB SPRING SHOW. To be held at Friendly Shopping Center, Greensboro, NC. Show chairman for contact - Lester Allen (919-299-2496).

MARCH 17 (THURSDAY) - FRIENDS OF THE NCSU Arboretum (now the JC Raulston Arboretum) SLIDE SHOW AND LECTURE - MS. EDITH EDDLEMAN. Anyone who knows of the arboretum at all knows about Edith and her nationally famous border, and people all over the country know her now as well as she jets about the country giving lectures at notable symposia. We are fortunate to squeeze in her tight schedule so locals can hear one of her wonderful talks on the world of perennials of which she is so extremely knowledgeable. Frequent lecturers (from my experience) often weary of requests for specific topics the speaker has often previously delivered - no matter how much you really like the topic or how good it is - and often yearn to talk on their favorite undiscussed subject. So I have left the topic wide open for Edith to have as much fun with as she likes - unquestionably it will be great! Meet in Kilgore 159 at 8:00 PM - NCSU Campus.

APRIL 9-10 (SATURDAY-SUNDAY) 9:00 AM - 3:00 PM (2:00 PM on Sunday) - PI ALPHA XI UNCOMMON PLANTS SALE. Pi Alpha Xi is the student honorary floriculture/ornamental horticulture society at NCSU. Each year they hold spring and fall plant sales to raise money to support a wide variety of educational activities they sponsor. In the past these sales have been held on campus but last year they tried holding the sale at The NCSU Arboretum (now the JC Raulston Arboretum) for better access and parking with great success. The sale will be at the arboretum again this spring. To not compete with normal local markets and to emphasize the educational/promotional aspect of the sale - the students actively hunt out rare and uncommon fine landscape plant from nurseries across the state to feature - and offer much useful advice on culture and use of the plants for customers. Come support this most worthy activity (THIS IS NOT A SALE BY THE NCSU Arboretum (now the JC Raulston Arboretum) ORGANIZATION - WE NEVER SELL PLANTS FROM THE UNIVERSITY)

APRIL 15.16. AND 17 (FRIDAY-SUNDAY) - MEN'S GARDEN CLUB OF WAKE COUNTY SPRING AZALEA SALE. The Men's Garden Club is now the largest such club in the U. S. and contributes enormously to the horticulture of this area in so many ways - including sponsorship of the horticultural exhibits at the state fair each fall. Funds for their public programs are raised in a variety of ways and this sale is a major contributor. To expand the range of knowledge of fine plants beyond the few common varieties seen everywhere in mass markets - they have sought out sources for over 85 different varieties of azaleas which will be on sale. Included will be one I have long promoted for greater use as a fine groundcover for our area - 'Pink Cascade' - a low-growing/creeping evergreen azalea which will reach a height of 1' and spread to 5' in width with time - wonderful. They have gambled a bit and ordered a large quantity of this cultivar from out-of-state which cannot be returned - so I hope all will help them out by purchasing and spreading the use of this fine plant - you won't find it for sale here often. The sale is at the state fairground flower show area. For further information call Tony Avent at 733-2720 or 832-9296.

< programs and mission of the arboretum - and some of the plant highlights. You chose the frequency of your tours, the times convenient to you, and the type of group you would feel most comfortable with - childrens groups, garden clubs, retirement communities, etc. If you enjoy the arboretum and its plants, and would like to share your enthusiam with those just discovering it - you are urged to consider sharing time in this voluntary guide program. For further information contact eitheility to run circles around anyone. While simultaneously teaching 5 horticulture courses at the college, running 3 commercial businesses, building a new home, and balancing family life - he conceived and designed a campus-wide public garden and arboretum - and in less than a month raised all the funds needed for complete construction (twice the total funds we've ralsed here in ten years - in one month!). Just one year later all the gardens were installed through his efforts - arboretum, rose garden, pool and fountain displays, Japanese garden, native wildflowers garden, fruit & vegetable garden, azalea garden, garden for the blind, etc. - on and on and on - an amazing accomplishment since supplemented by further fund-raising to fully endow the gardens for future operations. Come meet this dynamic individual, hear the story of the garden development and see his movie on this accomplishment. The presentation will be at 8:00 PM, 159 Kilgore Hall, NCSU Campus. If in the northwest section of thc state be certain to visit the beautiful campus and gardens.

FALL 1988 - ROUGHLY OCTOBER 17-NOVEMBER 14 - THE NCSU Arboretum (now the JC Raulston Arboretum) NURSERY/LANDSCAPE TOUR OF AUSTRALIA/NEW ZEALAND. Final arrangements are being made with a travel agency on plans for this trip in planning for several months. Two options will be available for participants. An early departure will be available for those who would like to attend the Australia/New Zealand chapter of the International Plant Propagators Society meeting in Auckland, NZ. Others will depart several days later and the two groups will meet and travel throughout the two countries for the next 24 days visiting nurseries, public and private gardens, natural scenic areas, city landscaping, and the Australia world's fair in Brisbane. For information on itinerary, costs, and reservation techniques - write to: Australia/New Zealand Tour, The NCSU Arboretum (now the JC Raulston Arboretum), Dept. of Hort. Sci., Box 7609, NCSU, Raleigh, NC 27695-7609.

NOTES FROM THE ARBORETUM:

PEOPLE: Several new people are now part of The NCSU Arboretum (now the JC Raulston Arboretum) program since the last newsletter. Mr. Paul Lineberger has been appointed as the new superintendent of the university farm where the arboretum is located. Mr. Lineberger was the superintendent for the horticulture department greenhouses behind Kilgore Hall, and before that he was a technican with Dr. Blankenship involved in post-harvest physiology research. He has great personal interest in the arboretum and his obvious active support and involvement since taking over the position is most sincerely appreciated - we look forward to many years of working with Paul in the future. At the greenhouses, Ms. Beth Thorne has been selected as the new superintendent for the complex to replace Paul. Beth has been a floriculture technican for Dr. Roy Larson. Incidentally, Dr. Larson was seriously stricken ill with a blood clot while in Denmark on sabbatic leave this fall and was rushed back to Raleigh for hospitalization. He was in critical condition for some weeks but we are delighted that his recovery has gone well with his return to the office in December. Dr. Larson is currently serving as president of the American Society of Horticultural Science - the first time this prestigous office has been held by a NCSU faculty member.

Our secretary, Judy Johnson, who has handled the arboretum correspondence, newsletter, and phone inquiries for several years, left this fall for a higher paying position in another office on the NCSU Campus. Ms. Johnson was a tireless and very effective worker who somehow managed to handle the disorganized chaotic mess created by me in a manner which made the work appear highly professional and organized as it left her office. It was a treat to work with Judy and we will miss her greatly. On the good news side - after two months of hunting for another super secretary (and the unending complex paperwork battle to do anything in the university system) - we are delighted to have Ms. Ellen Cawthorne as our new arboretum secretary. She comes to us with excellent credentials from years of secretarial experience and has quickly mastered the numerous new systems in our office for effective and efficient service. She faces the daunting task of handling my mail and correspondence during the year of absence coming up - but it is apparent after only a few weeks in the office that she is more than capable of the task. (Not to mention - also handling all the work of 3 other faculty as well). Many of you will talk to her in the future (737-3132) or receive the correspondence she coordinates - and you will find her friendly personable help a delight, and her professional skills highly effective. Ellen - we welcome you and look forward to many years of working together. I want to also take this opportunity to thank secretary Kathy Neely who handled all my work during the transition - and for her active involvement for several years in willingly stepping in and helping my secretaries with the arboretum work during the pressured crisis times (which occur about 7 times a day it seems). Kathy keeps us all sane with her "wild and crazy" (and wonderful) view of life - and irreverent puncturing of our academic pomposity.

In the last newsletter I covered the many personnel changes within the faculty of the department - and will make several comments about present status of these positions for the many former graduates across the country who have inquired about our progress in hiring. Within universities today - it is a long complicated process with many steps to meet all the federal and state requirements. On the department head position - we are through the job announcement and initial candidate screening process. The three final candidates are interviewing in the department at this time - and hopefully by early spring we will complete the hiring process. Dr. Bilderback's position cannot be filled until a new department head is present. During this fall, I have taught his course - but my study leave absence over the coming year makes my further covering of his position impossible. We feel very fortunate to have been able to contract with Mr. Robert Hayter, formerly at Sandhills Community College, to cover our grounds maintenance and nursery production courses during the coming year. Robert is one of the finest teachers I have ever encountered; and his extensive professional nursery and contracting experience will give our students the very best of training during this transition period.

We are delighted to have another active volunteer come on board at the arboretum - or more realistically to have him add another set of responsibilities to previous ones. Everyone in the Triangle area horticultural circles unquestionably knows Tony Avent - superintendent of grounds at the state fair grounds, active member of the Men's Garden Club of Wake County (now the largest men's garden club in America!), lecturer, newspaper columnist, and private gardener extraordinary (he welcomes visitors to stop by and tour his tiny home yard at 110 Dixie Trail - which to me has more interesting plants than many of the huge public gardens I visit). Tony has long been active in support of the arboretum and active with the volunteer tour guide program over the past year, He is joining forces with another of our longtime incredible plantsmen volunteers - Mrs. M. K. Ramm - to create a team for management of the lathhouse collection and display that will be dynamite in impact. More about their efforts in the next section - but we are delighted to have you in this new role Tony. (And of course, we appreciate your continuing super work M. K.)

Also in the volunteer world developments - Vivian Finkelstein who has been so active in the tour guide proqram for several years is taking over as coordinator of training for the tour program to take some of the pressure off Suzanne Edney as her design business and the groundcovers plaza work have increased in time requirements. (The Raleigh News & Observer newspaper had a fine article about Suzanne and her design business in the Wednesday, September 9 issue, p. 9A) Vivian is actively looking for volunteers to help with the guide program and those interested in helping in this program can contact her at 847-3658 or at 3601 Charterhouse Dr., Raleigh, NC 27612. As stated earlier, the number of groups and schools requesting tours of the arboretum is dramatically increasing each year and we very much need more help to continue and expand handling of our many visitors. Many thanks to our current active group of guides - Mary Edith Alexander, Tony Avent, Wayne Brooke, Tom Bumgarner, Suzanne Edney, Vivian Finkelstein, Tom Foley, Lois McLeod, Joanne McMenamin, Tiz Metcalfe, Sarah Moore, Beverly Norwood, John Penkacik, Jack Reichard, Sallie Ricks, Artie Schronce, Jewell Seymour, Bobby Wilder, Bill Willis, and Nancy Wood.

Others who I want to acknowledge here would include those who stepped in and helped us carry off hosting the national meeting of the American Conifer Society in August so successfully. There is no way we could have done it without the many efforts of Bob Wilder, Sarah Moore, Wayne Brooke, Doug Champion, Susan Suggs, Larry Hatch, and Newell Hancock. We also appreciate the time and effort made by our outstanding speakers; Tracy Traer, Larry Hatch, Jim Cross, Ann Stomp, Sue Martin, Farrell Wise, and Tony Avent in preparing and delivering their excellent presentations. In addition, the conference and post-conference tours were a great success due to the kindness and generosity of hosts at Duke Gardens, UNC Botanic Garden & Coker Arboretum, Montrose Nursery, Tom Krenitsky (private garden), Charles Keith (private garden), Yadkin Valley Nursery, We-Du Nursery, The Biltmore Estate, Washington Evergreen Nursery, and Holbrook Farms Nursery. Hosting the convention was a major effort for the arboretum, but like having a large party at home - it forces a great amount of cleanup and preparation which would never occur without the stimulus of wanting to have everything "right" for the guests. We polished the arboretum all summer - weeding, pruning, moving of plants, relabeling all the conifers and assembly of our first complete listing of them (included later in this issue) - only during the visit of the American Rock Garden Society several years ago has it looked so good. We enjoyed our guests from across the U.S. and thank all who helped.

DEVELOPMENTS: The arboretum change of the last several months which likely will have the greatest long term impact is one which is totally invisible to the public. Since the arboretum was first started, water supply for irrigation has been a concern. The city water we have access to (and use in droughts) is too expensive for routine large-scale watering; and the farm pond supply becomes limited during severe droughts when we most need it. This summer several wells were drilled on the farm to try to remedy this problem. They went back to a deep bone dry hole which had been drilled in 1977 when we began the arboretum - and with only another 20 feet of drilling they hit an abundant supply of water which will handle all our needs for the future. Painful to realize we were so close to water at the very beginning so long ago - but we are overjoyed to finally solve the problem.

Although little structural construction has occured in the arboretum in recent months, dramatic changes have occured which would surprise anyone who has not been in the garden recently. We were excited to have the unexpected opportunity to move six specimen plants in the arboretum thanks to the generosity of Dogwood Acres Landscaping & Nursery in Fayetteville who donated a labor crew and the use of their Big John tree spade for a full day of productive work. Four large specimens (12-18' tall) of the 35 year old dwarf loblolly pines in our nursery were moved to frame the central walkway of the annuals area - with two trees at the model gardens area and two across from the entrance to the lathhouse. As one looks toward the lathhouse from the walkway by the French parterre the four trees now beautifully define the area. At the north end of the Japanese zen garden a 15' 'Yoshino' cryptomeria and a 12' 'Calina' holly were moved in to screen the farm buildings from the exit area of the oriental gardens. After very carefully plotting all the underground utilities on our farm map - we only punctured three water lines while putting in the six plants. What agony! The Dogwood Acres crew were most patient with our bloopers and worked diligently all day (even skipping lunch) as they delicately maneuvered the huge machine in and out of tight locations on the farm. Our sincere thanks for this most generous industry support.

Later in November I was able to use the B&B and plant moving laboratory of my nursery production classes to move plants throughout the arboretum. Ninety students times a two hour lab gives 180 people-hours of effort and we were able to clear most of the larger plants from the lathhouse and move them to positions throughout the arboretum; and continue our rearrangement and consolidation of collections. Earlier in the fall, the 20-year-old, outdated and disease susceptible crab apples at the southeast corner of the farm were chainsawed to the ground to reveal the young three year old planting of newer and better crab apple cultivars back by the 'Nellie Stevens' holly hedge. The tree of 'Callaway' was saved as it is still probably the finest crabapple cultivar for the south, and our specimen is one of the largest in existance as it was quite a new cultivar when planted here. The euonymus collection also there was obscenely decimated and had become the world memorial scale collection - so we eliminated those plants as well. This newly opened area has now been planted with nine different Corylopsis which had been scattered throughout the arboretum. Hydrangea, Cedrus, Acer, Magnolia and a variety of other plants have already filled the newly cleared space. The nursery labs also helped our clearing of the nursery as hundreds of container plants were installed in the arboretum including about 25 new Magnolia to the magnolia plaza already packed with plants - and also planting of thousands of new bulbs donated by Pi Alpha Xi; and the many new Narcissus cultivars acquired to expand our already large collection. In addition, our one acre arboretum field nursery at the back of the farm (which visitors never or rarely see) was cleared of all old overgrown plants, tilled thoroughly and fumigated by the farm crews; and the nursery labs filled it with plantings of the Korean collection plants for future observations as the plants grow. In sum - over the last month some 700+ trees and shrubs have been rearranged around the arboretum and nurseries; so many of your familiar friends may no longer be where you expect them - and there will be many new residents to get acquainted with. As just one example, next summer the new block of eight species of 4-12' tall Stewartia plants installed in the Viburnum collection should be a popular favorite with visitors.

Most dramatic will be the changes in the lathhouse as M. K. and Tony have embarked on a complete renovation of the 1982-84 plantings which had vigorously overgrown the house filled with over 1,500 different plants. Bed by bed they are removing the old plants, adding huge quantities of new bark and gravel tilled in together, and replanting after grouping plants for better collection display. At times it is like an archelogical dig finding layers of forgotten plants buried under the surface layers - many surprising treasures were rediscovered during this process. It is amazing just how many remarkable plants are in this one house. Among other things they've discovered 25 different named cultivars of mountain laurel, Kalmia latifolia, which are now planted at the back of beds as backdrop to srnaller front planting. The first bed to be completed was the south bed which now contains the Kalmia and a collection of the finest 50 cultivars of Hosta recommended and partially donated by the Hosta Society. The north bed has also been redone and the fern collection of over 50 species and cultivars will be spectacular and more useful next year. Tony has manually wheelbarrowed and shoveled into place some 65 cubic yards of bark and 6 cubic yards of gravel! During the Thanksgiving "break" he organized a group of volunteers to finish the media change and took on another proiect of building interior fences inside the lathhouse to create a series of "rooms" to heighten the explore/discover experience of the house. This group of hard-working individuals included Wayne Brooke, Tom Bumgarner, Phil Danielle, Edith Eddleman, Vivian Finkelstein, George Griffing, Tom Krenitsky, Bruce Mowrey, Beverly Norwood, M. K. Ramm, Jack Reichard, Doug Ruhren, Barbara Scott, Ralph Shaw, and Cornelius Swart. By Christmas most of the other beds will also be redeveloped, mapped, and relabeled. On your next visit to the arboretum - don't miss the "all-new" lathhouse display. Thanks Tony and M. K. for a truly monumental effort!

Also on the near future schedule is the removal of the entire planting of old hybrid tea roses south of the annuals for planting of a new collection of recent cultivars next spring. The existing turf plots will also be relocated this winter to the back half of the rose area adjacent to the holly hedge. With the removal of the turf cultivars from their present location, Edith Eddleman can finally install the long-awaited Elizabeth Lawrence perennial border with many plants from Miss Lawrence's gardens both in Charlotte and Raleigh.

A small beginning has been made on the long critical need for better labels in the arboretum. The first 250 metal imprinted labels prepared by the N. C. Botanical Garden in Chapel Hill arrived in August and can be seen in several areas of the arboretum - particularly on the parking lot plants. Thc labels are brown anodized aluminum with seven lines of information - including family, genera and species, variety or cultivar, native country or place of origin, an information statement about the plant (e.g. - purple flowers in May), and source and year of acquisition. As time permits to formulate label information for othor plants, more will be manufactured and installed. Thanks to Charlotte Jones-Roe and the N. C. Botanical Garden for their help in this project.

A last project before heading off on my year of leave has been to complete a mapping and recording of all the plants in the arboretum for three main reasons. It has been my longest goal to someday have a record located so a visitor can know what is in the collection and where the plants are located - and hopefully by summer a book with all this data will be mounted in the visitor center available for everyone to use. Also the identity of so many things exists only in my mind and a better record is needed for a successor just in case I should try to swim the Pacific with an airplane on my back; and I need such a list to check against as I hunt plants around the world to not go to great expense and effort to bring back a plant which may be three feet from the entrance. I still laugh (with embarassment at my poor knowledge of plants) and remember the effort years ago to lug back a 6' Cornus alternifolia by plane from Seattle, and then discovering it is native to N.C. and growing in the woods nearby! It has been astonishing to see just how diverse and how much is included in the collection as each bed is added to the collective list. Plans are to print this list as the next issue (#18) of the newsletter if I can figure the logistics of how to handle nearly 6,000 entries in a manageable format.

Another new feature of the arboretum is a trail network of ten bluebird houses and two chickadee houses built and donated to the arboretum by Dr. G. W. Griffing of Raleigh. We received our first bluebird house from Mr. Jack Finch of Finch's Blueberry Nursery several years ago and this year we had two hatches of bluebirds in it. With the numerous new bluebird houses which will be added to the arboretum, our already abundant bird population should become even more interesting to visitors. In a letter from Dr. Griffing, he explained the nesting procedure which was completely new to me - "The male bluebird will begin examining possible nesting sites about the first of February. About the first of April, the female bluebird will make a choice of 4 or 5 possible sites selected by the male. Since many of the plantings at the arboretum retain their berries during the winter, the arboretum should attract the bluebirds which eat mostly berries during the winter. If 4 or 5 boxes are used for nests the first year, the nesting season would be considered very good." Dr. Griffing also has plans to add martin houses in the future. "Birders" should visit the arboretum just at dawn sometime (the gate is open) - an amazing number and variety of birds are present and singing up a storm. The goldfinches flitting about the Coreopsis x 'Sunray' and the multitude of hummingbirds in the Monarda are a delight to behold. Thanks Dr. Griffing for bringing us more bluebirds!

PLANTS: Again, there are so many plants that could be commented on - but just a brief selection on ones not mentioned before to whet your appetite for further exploration of the arboretum. Plants in the far west arboretum unfortunately have few visitors as most people are plant saturated (the "glazed museum visitor syndrome" after just finishing 600 paintings in an hour) by the time they stagger out of the Japanese garden having covered four acres and 3,500 plants from the entrance. But there are many wonderful treasures in the new western plantings to discover and I would recommend an alternate visit scheme for long-time frequent visitors - from the white garden, cut directly through the holly hedge and go between the two farm buildings directly to the west arboretum. You'll hit the west arboretum fresh for a change and at the end of exploring that area you can go through the Japanese garden and lathhouse in reverse direction and as a result you'll see plants you've never noticed before.

A plant which is the fastest growing tree in our collection has reached the size to be noticed more and more each year. Pterocarya stenoptera, Chinese wingnut, is a member of the walnut family introduced to the west in 1860 and widely planted as a park tree in Asia and Europe. In three years from seed our tree has reached 28' in height with a 14" diameter trunk! The compound foliage is over a foot in length and it fruited this year for the first time with pendulous chains of attractive green maple-like seeds which stay for several months with great ornamental beauty. It is a bit hard to handle in commercial nursery production as it outgrows any container almost immediately with its incredible growth rate, and could only be handled in field production for several years. It also grows to be a huge tree so would not be suitable for typical street/sidewalk use or for the average home property. For public parks and large commercial corporate landscapes it should have excellent potential considering its great success in this role in other nations. Our tree is in the west arboretum near the large oak with the swing.

Another west arboretum plant "discovered" by a number of visitors this summer is in the Abelia collection in the farthest west bed by the bamboo and poplar screening trees. Today Abelia X 'Grandiflora' and its cultivars totally dominate the commercial field for this genera. This hybrid was created by a cross of the species A. chinensis X uniflora in 1886. But several visitors have become interested in the A. chinensis species as it flowers over a very long period in summer and the dried flower bracts remain on the plant in an ornamental fashion - plus, the flowers are quite fragrant - a feature lost in the hybrid. Several growers have taken cuttings - which root very easily - and hopefully this plant which is totally unavailable in the commercial trade in the U.S. may find a small specialized production niche. With our rush to evergreen species and cultivars to dominate our landscapes in the last fifty years - we often left behind other special characteristics which still make the deciduous materials worthy of mixing into a planting. In the south in particular - the almost universal sameness of total evergreen plantings (though beautiful) cries out for relief with some deciduous materials to add seasonal variety. And we can always use more fragrance in the garden.

In the far south-west corner near the Abelia collection - the visitor will also find our collection of deciduous gymnosperms ("conifers") planted together for teaching comparisons. Most people assume all gymnosperms (pines, spruces, junipers, firs, etc.) are evergreen but six genera drop their foliage each winter. More will be written about this group in a separate article in the future - but for now I will only mention that the visitor can find the following in this planting: Ginkgo biloba - the maidenhair tree; Glyptostrobus lineatus - the Canton water pine; Metasequoia glyptostroboides and the cultivar 'Sheridan Spire' - the dawn redwood; Pseudolarix amabilis - the golden larch; and the bald cypresses Taxodium ascendens (pond cypress),

T. distichum (bald cypress), and T. mucronulatum (Mexican bald cypress) all growing side by side. The only deciduous conifers we cannot grow successfully are the larches (Larix species) which root rot in our high temperatures and poorly drained soils. We manage to keep one alive in the bark beds of the lathhouse - but definitely not adapted here.

Another "category" collection of plants of interest to visitors and collectors is not far away as one heads back up the hill toward the Japanese garden on the right hand side of the south pathway. We have planted together a wide variety of plants which have contorted or twisted branches. These plants are particularly noticable in winter when leaves drop and expose the form of the branches. Probably the most common such plant seen in commercial trade is the Harry Lauder's walking stick bush - Corylus avellana 'Contorta' which was first discovered in 1863 in Gloucestershire, England. Our plant of this cultivar is located just to the left of the visitor center entrance between the chainlink fence and the entrance path.

Other contorted plants on display in the west arboretum include a whole group of willows: Salix x 'Golden Curls' - a golden barked, weeping and corkscrew hybrid which resulted from a cross of the golden weeping willow, Salix alba 'Tristis'- (also listed as Salix alba 'Vitellina Pendula') times Salix matsudana 'Tortuosa' - the corkscrew willow with contorted limbs (Whew!!); Salix x erythroflexuosa (Salix alba 'Tristis' x matsudana 'Tortuosa' - originally found in Argentina in 1971 and brought to the U.S. in 1972) with golden-barked, twisting and weeping branches much like 'Golden Curls', but with twisted and curled foliage; and Salix babylonica 'Crispa' - the ram's-horn willow which has weeping branches and individual leaves which curl like a ram's horn (from Belgium in 1827). I'm waiting for someone to hybridize 'Golden Curls' with the ram's horn and create a cultivar with curling leaves on limbs wnich are weeping, contorted, and golden barked - Tracy would certainly call it the ultimate "sickie" plant - all it needs is to be dwarf and variegated as well! A challenge for the future.

A "newcomer" contorted willow which looks promising is Salix X 'Scarlet Curls' - planted in the far northeast corner of the arboretum next to the large corkscrew willow, S. matsudana 'Tortuosa'. Apparently brand new in the trade and I have not been able to trace anything on origin (or even find any reference in any of my literature) but it has the same weeping and contorted limbs as 'Golden Curls' except with red bark instead of the gold - so it may have originated as a sport branch mutation of that cultivar. It could be absolutely spectacular planted on the south side of a white or light grey wall as a winter accent.

Other contorted plants in the collection in the west arboretum include:

Chaenomeles speciosa 'Contorta' - the contorted flowering quince with white and pink flowers (a Japanese cultivar originally named 'Rinho' - imported to the U.S. in 1929).

Prunus mume 'Contorta' - the slow-growing contorted Japanese flowering apricot with white winter blooms.

Poncirus trifoliata 'Flying Dragon' - a Japanese contorted cultivar of hardy orange with bright green twisting stems, sharply curved thorns, and white flowers in spring.

Morus bombycis 'Unryu' - a rare and very old contorted mulberry cultivar from China which is probably the most vigorous growing of the group with up to 6-8' of growth a year and spectacular winter appearance.

The only contorted conifer in the group is X Cupressocyparis leylandii 'Contorta' (often listed as Cupressus macrocarpa 'Contorta'). The contorted Leyland cypress is particularly interesting as conifers alone (only some - not all) have the ability to produce "reaction wood" and change the shape of branches originally laid down. The young branches are wildly contorted at times - completely corkscrew in form and doubling back on themselves (only with strong vigorous growth - slow annual growth produces little twisting) - but in subsequent years the growth slowly straightens out to completely normal form on older branches. A second plant of contorted Leyland is found at the south end of the parking lot to the east of the roadway gate going back into the farm. To propagate the plant any terminal can be used for cuttings - it is not necessary to have wood which exhibits twisted growth.

At this time in late November after most autumn color displays are gone, most gardeners assume that color is finished for the year. But a walk in the arboretum on a drizzly Thanksgiving day turned up many beauties to admire. Quercus serrata was still in leaf with the most brilliant red foliage seen on any tree this fall - surprising on an oak. Earlier the foliage on our two newly installed rare Nyssa sinensis trees (grown from Chinese seed) was a spectacular orange-red color and the plants should be stunning as they age. In container production they were extremely fast growing with over 4' of growth and a 1" caliper trunk in only one year from seed. Another new plant to me from our Chinese seed trials was Alniphyllum fortunei which also had excellent red fall color. According to Krussman, this member of the styrax family should definitely be hardy here and could be a most useful new tree to our landscape with white flowers, handsome foliage, and good fall color. It grew 3-4' in a year in container culture.

Prunus mume 'Tojibai' is in full bloom now, two months ahead of normal with white, intensely fragrant flowers. Also flowering with white fragrant flowers are various species and cultivars of Osmanthus scattered throughout the arboretum. And after the earlier array of a number of many different Colchicum and Crocus bulb species and cultivars in various plantings - the tiny, white-flowered Crocus ochroleucus is bravely making its lone stand at the front of the lathhouse with a barrage of flowers.

The collection of deciduous hollies is finally to the age when the vigorous vegetative growth of young plants has slowed to the point to allow good flowering and fruiting for the first year. Most of the 16 cultivars are beautiful but the largest fruited ones are Ilex verticillata 'Winter Red' and 'Jolly Red' with some of the shiny deep red fruit a third of an inch in diameter. Our collection of Nandina shows the wide range in fruit color of this group from the "white" (creamy-yellow) of 'Alba' to the deep red of 'Moyer's Red' which colors much earlier than any other cultivar. Incidentally - when the plants are grown from seed - future fruit color of the seedlings can be fairly accurately determined by the pigment in the basal stem of the newly germinated seed - with the white-fruited types showing pale yellowish green stems, the red ones with dark to reddish-green stems (taught to me by nurseryman Stephen Burns who grew populations of seedlings from our plants). And once again - as every year - perhaps the most spectacular fruit display in the arboretum is the Aronia arbutifolia 'Brilliantissima' - the improved red chokecherry. I also saw it in spectacular display this fall at the Chicago Botanic Garden and really don't understand its lack of widespread commercial use in the U.S. One grower told me this summer he dropped it from production because it grew too vigorously in his nursery and besides, no one ever asked for it!? Commercial success is a continuing mystery with little relationship to plant qualities in so many cases.

In the new planting of crabapples at the southeast corner of the arboretum (mentioned earlier above) - a wide variety of fruit sizes and colors are on display among the seventeen cultivars. But the one which stands out most dramatically with the backlighting of sun against the shaded black-green foliage color of the Ilex X 'Nellie Stevens' holly is the brilliant yellow-gold of Malus X 'Harvest Gold'. It is showy now and should be absolutely spectacular as the tree grows larger.

Only one last group of plants will be mentioned for winter color - the colored bark plants. These are scattered about the arboretum and a quick walk yielded the following list of plants with notable bark color (peeling, winged, etc. will be another future story): Salix alba 'Chermesina' with orange bark; Salix alba 'Vitellina' with brilliant red bark (received by us under wrong name as the the cultivar has clear yellow bark); Acer palmatum 'Sango Kaku' - the common "coral-bark" Japanese maple and 'Beni Kawa' which has even more brilliant red bark; Acer stachyophyllum - with orange-red bark; Acer davidii with white stripes on green background; Euschapis japonica - a new plant from our Korean expedition with beautiful delicate patterning of white lines on purple background; Cornus controversa - with dark red to purple bark; Phyllostachys nigra - the "black bamboo" with purplish/black older canes (and wonderful in combination with the white-edged leaves of the Sasa veitchii bamboo it is interplanted with); Prunus serrula - the paperbark cherry with mahogany-red bark; Firmiana simplex - the Japanese parasol tree with its emerald green bark; Kerria japonica cultivars - also with green bark; Rubus cockburnianus - with white/purplish grey bark; Betula nigra 'Heritage' and B. jacquemontii - with their white bark; and Cornus stolonifera 'Flaviramea' - with bright yellow branches.

TRAVEL NOTES

This issue will initiate a new feature section of the newsletter which has been under consideration for some time. So much of my time is spent traveling - and so many people, places, plants, etc. are experienced during these trips that I so much want to share with our membership. In the past this has been done primarily in the slide lecture - but few people are able to attend those meetings and our membership is increasingly expanding and scattering all over the country. It seems especially appropriate to begin such a column now as I prepare to depart on a year of study leave travel all over the world - the 1988 newsletters will be sent back from diverse locations to share the hopefully wonderful sights and experiences to be encountered.

This first entry will be relatively brief due to constraints in time and space available in the newsletter. In travel one of the things I am always looking for is nurseries carrying a range of uncommon plants unusual for their given region of the country - difficult to find, but exciting and rewarding when discovered. For those who travel across the country I have three such firms new to me this year - super people and wonderful plants. Two are retail only to travelers in those areas - no mailorder or shipping available; and one is a wholesale firm.

On the west side of St. Louis, MO is a remarkable nursery with an enormous and diverse range of plants mixed with a strange funky blend of animals in cages, scarecrows, sculpture, and landscape contracting equipment and crews. The firm is Minner Nursery, 12745 Mason Manor Road (just a few blocks off the beltway - 3/4 mile South of Olive on Mason), Creve Coeur, MO 63141 (314-576-5697). I saw a dozen rare things I wanted but the plants were too large to consider trying to get on the plane coming back. While in St. Louis one must also not miss the St. Louis Botanic Garden of course - the oldest botanic garden in the U.S. and greatly transformed since my last visit with huge new visitors center, new perennials displays, new arbor and vine area, etc.

The St. Louis Center (interior mall) downtown is quite stunning and the St. Louis Gateway Arch is unique and a remarkable experience to visit (Be sure to see the film detailing its construction). It was good to see how the monument landscaping is maturing and transforming the site so well - and the transformation of the city itself in recent years - much urban renovation in the beautiful old buildings downtown and a whole different positive feeling from my last visit when the city was definitely down and out for a time. Sculpture is an especial love of mine - and a visitor to the area should hunt out the Laumeier Sculpture Park - a 96 acre park with large numbers of contemporary landscape sculpture. Located near I-240 and I-44 in southwest St. Louis.

On the same trip to St. Louis, I visited Memphis, TN and had the pleasure of visiting the revitalized and dynamic Memphis Botanical Garden which is entering a revolutionary phase of development with a new master plan and great enthusiasm among its members and staff. The German iris were in full bloom - and as always when I see them like that I want to have at least an acre of a few thousand cultivars to enjoy at home - such spectacular plants with all the hybridizers are doing these days. I would love to see their old planting of many huge deciduous magnolias in bloom in early spring - seemed the most impressive mass planting of this genera I've seen in any American garden - and a wonderful collection for them to supplement with more and newer cultivars to bccome a national resource.

A special treat while in Memphis was to see one of the outstanding garden centers of the country and meet the Plato Touliatos family who do such a magnificent job at "Trees By Touliatos" - 2020 Brooks Rd., Memphis, TN 38116 (901-345-7361). Located right at the Memphis Airport (schedule a couple hours layover at the airport sometime in your cross-country travel and walk over to see it). A fantastic display of uncommon plants, the most gracious and hospitable people imaginable, and innovation everywhere from the solar houses, plantings in rooftop soil layers, landscape idea displays, information signs, etc. - wonderful, wonderful. They put out a customer newsletter which is more interesting and informative than most trade publications I read - full of good observations, plant comparisons, uses, etc. I was particularly taken by their purple-foliaged Quercus nuttallii seedlings in the nursery - which maintain their color well through the summer even in the heat of the south - rare for most purple-foliaged plants and they must be amazing if planted in cooler climates. They very graciously gave me a number of plants which will be on display in the arboretum here next summer. Worth a long drive to Memphis just to see this place and the people. Who cares about Graceland with such a garden center around?

On a crazy and fast trip to Denver to lecture this spring (a long and complex story - forgetting my schedule, missing two flights, flying out, staying 3 hours including a lecture, and return the same day!) I learned of but did not get to visit what must be one of the finest wholesale nursery for uncommon plants in the Plains/Mid-Mountain area of the U.S. The firm of Little Valley Nursery, 13022 E. 136th Ave., Brighton, CO 80601 (303-659-6708) carries an amazing variety of new, unusual, and choice plants which they supply to garden centers of the area. It was a treat to browse through their booth display at the Colorado Nurserymen's Trade Show and get a copy of their extensive listings. They also publish an outstanding newletter with comments about plants in their trials and recommendations for garden centers on how to sell and use them. I've been fascinated by descriptions of two new Penstemons introduced by the University of Nebraska which should be great garden perennials - P. digitalis 'Husker's Red' with red foliage and white flowers; and P. barbatus 'Schooley's Yellow' a rare form with rare yellow flowers and lengthy bloom period.

Back in my early planning for a year of off-campus scholarly ("sabbatic" - sic) leave, it all seemed so simple - take some years of saving out of the stock market in January - go to England and visit as many of the fine gardens and nurseries as possible. What a change just a couple of months can make in plans! In rapid succession the stock market took its little hiccup, and on October 16 English gardens were devastated. Although there were brief reports in the newspapers here about the storm - we are just now beginning to get the full story of the total impact on the magnificent gardens there as they struggle to clear the damage in the areas hit.

The Director of Kew recently stated that only about one-third of the garden was open to the public as they worked to remove some 2,000 mature trees which were destroyed or will have to be cut because of damage - some 10% of their total. At Wisley - some 40% of the large trees were destroyed and many areas will not be open for some time. Perhaps the worst hit of major gardens was Wakehurst ("Kew in the Country") - there the staff cannot even get to the garden because the public highways are still blocked from fallen trees throughout the area - but aerial surveillance by helicopter indicates over 50% of the trees are down and will take years to clear. The damage is so extensive throughout southern England that there are not enough trained arborists to even begin to manage the cleanup that will be necessary. Several American gardens are sending funds and workers to England to assist as possible. Contributions can be made by sending a check to the Relief Fund for English Gardens, Massachusetts Horticultural Society, Horticultural Hall, 300 Massachusetts Avenue, Boston, MA 02115.

Once again my favorite quote from Henry Mitchell's wonderful book "The Essential Earthman" proves true: "It is not nice to garden anywhere - everywhere there are violent winds, startling once-per-five-centuries floods, unprecedented droughts, record-setting freezes, abusive and blasting heats never known before. There is no place, no garden, where these terrible things do not drive gardeners mad.... Wherever humans garden magnificently, there are magnificent heartbreaks.... The cost of cleanup is too grim to dwell on, but even worse is the loss of not mere lousy Norway maples, but of rare cherished specimens that were a wonder to see."

A brief note for those curious about my final plans for the year away. My scheduled departure in January was delayed until February, but I will fly to Paris to pick up a car for 6 months use in extensive traveling throughout Europe - Greece to Ireland and Portugal to Poland - to hunt plants for our trials and observe the nursery industry and public gardens. Then in August to India for more of the same, on to China in September for a month of travel to botanical gardens there and two horticultural symposia, on to Australia for a month and a half, then to New Zealand for a month and a half, Christmas in Tahiti?? - and back to Raleigh in early January 1989.

I will be carrying a portable computer and want to write a great deal during the year - numerous articles, several newsletters (in fact you'll unquestionably get better publication service from me out of the country than you did in 1987 while here!), and a hoped for book draft. One of the most interesting challenges ahead is how to pack a single suitcase to live out of for a year - summer and winter seasons, work and play - the film logistics alone boggle the mind! Luckily chocolate and pastries are available most everywhere and there is no need to pack these essentials. We plan to keep the NCSU Arboretum (now the JC Raulston Arboretum) programs and lectures going full swing here, the NCAN August plant distribution, the members plant distribution in the fall, and continued development in the arboretum - and we hope you will continue your much needed and appreciated support and visits during this somewhat disjointed year.

1987 NCSU Arboretum (now the JC Raulston Arboretum) PLANT DISTRIBUTION

NCAN Short Course and Trade Fair - Asheville, NC - August 23-25

(Most members who comprise the Friends of The NCSU Arboretum (now the JC Raulston Arboretum) are not in the professional nursery/landscape trade, but are serious gardeners or people who want to support the continuation of the arboretum as a state resource. Beyond the arboretum use as a university teaching resource and display garden for the public, there is also the very important outreach to the commercial industry. Each year plants are taken to the North Carolina Association of Nurserymen's meeting for display, and thousands of plants are also propagated for free distribution as an incentive to try to encourage nurserymen to grow some new crops. To allow our "Friends" to have a feel for this outreach, I am again as in recent years, including here the information provided at the 1987 meeting on plants distributed. Note - the supply of plants distributed at the meeting has been exhausted and these plants are no longer available.)

Each year a selection of plants from The NCSU Arboretum (now the JC Raulston Arboretum) is made for propagation and distribution to N.C. nurserymen at the summer short course as a means of spreading new or uncommon plants through the state for further observation and perhaps potential commercial production. Selection of plants is based on plant ability to be propagated in midsummer when the Department of Horticulture propagation benches are empty, size of stock plants adequate to allow taking of 200-300 cuttings, and absence in the existing commercial industry. Plants will vary in commercial potential with some having great potential - others merely curiosities or hobbyist collector-type items. The 1987 distribution contains several plants resulting from the 1985 Korean collecting expedition sponsored in part by NCAN.

These plants provided for growers represent just a sample of the 5,000 species and cultivars presently growing in The NCSU Arboretum (now the JC Raulston Arboretum). Commercial growers are most welcome at any time to come to the arboretum to collect propagation material to provide stock plants for their operations. We do request that for nurserymen collecting plants from the arboretum for the first time, an appointment be made (call 919-737-3132) to coordinate which materials will be collected and our general guidelines for collection procedures. Dozens of growers now gather many thousands of cuttings annually in this manner.

We are disappointed to only offer thirteen selections this year in our 1987 distribution. A period of intense heat in poorly ventilated houses immediately following our major cutting period caused the loss of over 3,000 cuttings of an additional ten species we planned to offer.

***** NOTE - MOST OF THESE PLANTS ARE TOO SMALL TO BE PLANTED DIRECTLY INTO THE FIELD AT THIS STAGE, AND ARE TOO YOUNG TO OVERWINTER SUCCESSFULLY UNLESS POTTED (IF BARE ROOT), OR SHIFTED INTO LARGER POTS, WINTER-PROTECTED, AND GROWN ANOTHER YEAR BEFORE PLANTED OUT. *****

1. Agapanthus 'Peter Pan' - 'Peter Pan' Agapanthus or Dwarf Blue "Lily-of-the-Nile" (Liliaceae). A herbaceous perennial which produces blue flowers on inflorescences about 1' in height in mid-summer. Various authorities disagree as to whether this plant is cultivar of A. africanus or A. orientalis. It is commonly felt that agapanthus cultivars are tender and only suited for houseplant pot culture in N.C. but our trials of numerous cultivars are showing that many make very successful perennials with showy flower displays in Raleigh. Much more trial is needed throughout the state to see how hardy each type may be. For insurance - it is best to mulch plants after the foliage is frozen in the fall.

This plant is very easily propagated by division of the clumps at most any time of the year. Last winter I brought back two one-gallon cans from California (where it is widely grown and sold) and in the first division we produced over 100 divisions which were grown in quarts until divided again for this distribution - yielding about 300 plants in seven months from two full one- gallon cans. It is also being produced by commercial tissue culture labs for sale. A Texas grower has just discovered a white flowered form of this dwarf and with tissue culture techniques he will have liners for sale in summer of 1988. With commercial availability of this plant in Florida, Texas, and California markets - it would be possible to rapidly begin using this and other beautiful agapanthus in the NC nursery/landscape trade. The Agapanthus plantings in the arboretum are at the south side of the white pine hedge (groundcovers plaza), and at the front of the bark bed just east of the lathhouse (on the main arboretum road through the farm).

2. Baptisia pendula - Wild White Indigo (Leguminosae). This beautiful herbaceous perennial native to the southeast piedmont region from Florida to North Carolina is essentially unknown as a garden plant. Our plant is now over five feet in diameter and stands four feet high in bloom with long inflorescences of pure white flowers against dark colored stems. The strongest flowering will occur on plants growing in full sun and it will remain in bloom 2-3 weeks. After flowering the foliage is attractive and remains until killed by frosts in autumn. Will be useful in zones 5-9. (The name pendula refers to the seed pods which hang down as compared to the upright pods of the very similar B. alba. This outstanding native perennial deserves widespread use in the commercial perennials industry.

The clumps can be dug in late winter and divided - but labor requirements are high and plant yields are low. Commercial propagation is most likely by seed, with saleable plants produced in 8-10 weeks from spring seeding. Our isolated plants do not produce seed in spite of heavy flowering, so several plants in close proximity may be necessary to get pollination for good seed set. On an experimental basis last year we tried softwood cuttings under mist in summer with very good results. The plants being distributed were taken this summer as softwood cuttings in June under mist with about 90% successful rooting. A cutting directly rooted in a quart container should produce a small flowering plant of saleable size the following spring. In the arboretum, the largest plant is near the main drive entrance off Beryl Road - on the west side between the rhododendron and large holly; and a second plant is located in the native plants garden toward the left front as one faces the bed.

3. Carex 'Hime Kawasuga' - Dwarf Variegated Japanese Carex (Cyperaceae). A small evergreen carex reaching about 8-10" in diameter and 5-6" in height with beautiful delicate texture. Will grow in sun or shade but probably best in light shade. Have not tested it in the mountains area but expect that it should grow well anywhere in N.C. Propagation is by division of the clumps which can be done at varied times of the year, but likely best just before new growth begins in spring. The critical factor seems to be to not divide clumps into pieces smaller than ones which each have roots on the division. We pot divisions in cell packs and place under mist for several weeks until rooting is ample to support the plant. One year of growth from a good division should provide a satisfactory quart plant for sale. Plants are located in the lathhouse .

4. Cornus sericea 'Kelseyi' - Kelseyi Dwarf Dogwood (Cornaceae). This dwarf cultivar of the native eastern U.S. redosier dogwood reaches about 2-3' in height and spreads to 4-6' in diameter with time. Branches are very fine and twiggy; and are covered densely with handsome green foliage in summer. Though the branches have reddish bark color in winter, it is not the intense coloration of other named clones. It is most useful as a dense medium height groundcover for sunny areas - perhaps on road banks, along creeks, in parking lots, etc.

Very easily propagated from softwood cuttings during the summer under mist, or from hardwood cuttings during winter. Mature plants naturally tip layer to the ground and divisions can be made and potted. A well rooted cutting will make a good gallon can with one season of growth. Our plant is located in the west arboretum at the east end of the second bed down the hill.

5. Cryptomeria japonica 'Akita Strain' - Japanese Cedar (Taxodiaceae). Cryptomeria is a relatively common conifer tree in the nursery industry and well adapted to use in N.C. Dr. John Creech, former director of the U.S. National Arboretum, recently obtained a large quantity of seed of this superior strain from Japan for distribution - our plants are from the seed he provided us with. Plants grow rapidly and will reach 30' in most landscapes here. Cuttings will root well at most any time of year. This specific strain not yet on display in the arboretum, but the large cultivar collection of Cryptomeria is in the east arboretum in the dwarf loblolly pine/magnolia area.

6. Euonymus japonica 'Chollipo' - 'Chollipo' Euonymus (Celastraceae). This new cultivar of this species widely grown in the U.S. nursery industry originated at the Chollipo Arboretum in South Korea and was obtained there by our 1985 collecting expedition. This is its first industry release in the U.S. The plant has a distinctly different growth habit from other cultivars in production with fastigate columnar growth. The parent plant in Korea is perhaps 4-5' in width and 12-14' in height. Potentially useful for screening or as a specimen fastigate plant. It would be expected to have the same susceptibility to scale of other such cultivars. Very easy from cuttings at any time of year and fast growing.

7. Forsythia koreana 'Ilwang' - 'Ilwang' Forsythia (Oleaceae). This new cultivar of Korean forsythia (the name is Korean for 'Sunlight') was brought to Brookside Gardens in Wheaton, Md. by Barry Yinger and they have been promoting it for nursery use across the U.S. It has golden variegated leaves with green centers surrounded by a yellow margin in irregular patterns. It is best grown in light shade for maximum beauty of the leaves. In full sun, although the leaves will have the most intense yellow coloration, they are also much smaller and appear more stressed. Flowering is more sparse than with many of the modern forsythia hybrids, but new foliage appears as the flowers begin to fade and the bright yellow young leaves give the appearance of extended showy flowering. And the yellow leaves add color through the summer. The plant is a little unstable and branches of solid yellow or green will occasionally appear and these should be removed to maintain the true cultivar. Growers in particular should carefully monitor their propagation stock to ensure the true clone is being produced. Softwood or hardwood cuttings are very easily rooted and plants are rapid growing. Will be useful anywhere in N.C. Our two plants are located in the southeast corner Forsythia collection, and in the lathhouse.

8. Gelsemium rankanii - Autumn-Blooming Carolina Jessamine (Loganiaceae). A rare southeastern U.S. species of evergreen jessamine vine very similar in appearance to the commonly grown G. sempervirens. It was introduced to the nursery industry by Woodlander's Nursery in Aiken, S.C. and is beginning to be found in production occasionally. The most significant difference in the two species is that G. sempervirens flowers only in spring; whereas G. rankanii flowers heavily in late fall - usually October to December in Raleigh - and then again in spring at the normal time. Another difference (I am told since I have no sense of smell) is that G. rankanii does not have the fragrance of G. sempervirens. Plants are easily propagated by cuttings under mist at most anytime of year and grow very rapidly. Our plant is located in the west arboretum in the first bed down the hill beside the deciduous holly collection.

9. Ilex decidua and verticillata cultivars - Possumhaw and Winterberry Hollies (Aquifoliaceae). These native southeastern U.S. species of deciduous hollies are outstanding for autumn and early winter displays of brilliant red berries. Many superior selections have been made in recent years which have outstanding foliage color and abundant, brightly color fruit. The three cultivars listed below have been propagated for distribution. Only one of the three will be included in each bag as we only had cuttings to produce about 60 plants of each clone. Note carefully which of the three (9A, 9B, or 9C) you received to label them correctly when you get home.

9A - Ilex verticillata 'Council Fire' - 'Council Fire' Winterberry Holly.

9B - Ilex verticillata 'Pocohantas' - 'Pocohantas' Winterberry Holly.

9C - Ilex decidua 'Warren's Red' - 'Warren's Red' Possumhaw Holly.

These plants are tolerant of a wide variety of soil types, moisture levels and exposures. Plants grow 7-12 in height and tend to spread slowly by root suckering with time. Propagation is by softwood cuttings under mist in summer - varied sources suggest from June through the period near leaf drop in autumn. Ours were propagated in July. A good commercial source for liners of the newer cultivars in this fine group of plants is Simpson Nursery Company, 1504 Wheatland Rd., P. O. Box 2065, Vincennes, Ind. 47591 (812-822-2441 ) (Note - wholesale only). Our plants (of these and many other cultivars) are in the west arboretum in the first bed down the hill at the east end - immediately seen as you enter the area after the Japanese garden.

10. Juniperus chinensis 'Expansa Aureovariegata' - Variegated Spreading Juniper (Cupressaceae). This handsome variegated juniper is very rarely seen in commercial production and deserves widespread use. This summer during the American Conifer Society national meeting in Raleigh - Susan Martin, the curator of the Gotelli collection at the U.S. National Arboretum in Washington, D.C. also strongly promoted this plant as an excellent choice for more widespread use. (An interesting sidelight about that meeting and this plant - we donated two of the rooted cuttings (same ones distributed at the NCAN meeting) for the ACS annual plant auction and they sold for $19 per rooted cutting!). Our parent plants are now 2' tall by 7' in width with unform color variegation throughout the plants. Cuttings can be rooted either in mid-summer (if mature wood is taken on the cuttings) or perhaps better in December-February. We have received it from several different sources - once being sold very incorrectly by a west coast nursery as J. procumbens 'Variegata'. Large quantities of cuttings could be obtained from the numerous plants we have at different locations around the arboretum. Located in the parking lot by the fastigate English oak, in the conifer planting by the dwarf loblolly pines, and in the magnolia/spruces area.

11. Juniperus deppeana 'McFetters' - 'McFetters' Alligator Juniper (Cupressaceae). This plant was originally obtained from nurseryman Tom Dilatush of New Jersey who obtained it from a grower in Arizona where it was originally found as a wild seedling variant in the wild. Alligator juniper is so named for the plate-like flaking bark found on the trunk as the tree ages. The species can grow to 60' in the mountains of Arizona where native, but it will likely be a 15-20' plant in the landscape here. The bright blue foliage of this plant is quite striking with the bluest foliage of any of the conifers in our collection - surpassing even the J. scopulorum and Picea pungens cultivars. Originally I did not expect much success from this plant - predicting it would root rot in our hot, wet summers; or if it would grow, that it would be difficult to propagate. I have been wrong on both accounts. It grows vigorously and has propagated well from cuttings taken in December-February under mist. I feel it has excellent commercial potential and deserves widespread use. Other than the Dilatush Nursery I know of no commercial source at present. Our plant is in the east arboretum, north of the dwarf loblolly pines in the magnolia bed and east of the pampas grass cultivars.

12. Salix alba 'Chermesiana' - 'Chermesiana' Willow (Salicaceae) The bright colored twigs of the red and golden barked shrub dogwoods are fairly common and well known to the nursery/landscape. Colored bark tree cultivars are less common and deserve consideration for additions to the landscape. This very old cultivar discovered in Germany in 1840 has bright orange/red bark in winter which gives a spectacular appearance to the plant. Like most willows it is easy to propagate from cuttings (both soft and hardwood) and rapid growing. It will likely make a 30' tree. Our plant in the west arboretum in the southwest corner.

13. Viburnum awabuki 'Chindo' - 'Chindo' Evergreen Viburnum (Caprifoliaceae). The Awabuki viburnum is fairly common in nursery production in the deep south and California. During the 1985 Korean expedition on the island of Chindo off the south mainland coast we found a large planting of this species in a public grade school landscape. Typical of rural landscaping, the plants had originally been collected from the native woods nearby and transplanted to the school grounds. Among the plants was a single individual with much superior fruit display of large masses of bright red fruit in large globular clusters which hung down from the 15' tree like giant Christmas tree ornaments. We collected cuttings of this one plant and successfully returned them to the U.S. for rooting. During the last two years I have been building up numbers which are now adequate to distribute for further trial. At this time we do not know the hardiness of this particular clone so plantings will need to be made throughout the state to see where it will survive. The cutting you receive should be kept in a protected area this winter and grown to some size before subjecting it to severe weather. My predictions are for survival to about 5-10F, but could be lower. Very easy to propagate from cuttings at most any time of year and rapid growing. Our original plant (which survived outdoors in the 1986-87 winter) is now over 4' tall in spite of the many cuttings which have been removed from it. Planted in the east arboretum behind the liriope collection near the entrance.

GYMNOSPERMS ("CONIFERS") IN THE NCSU Arboretum (now the JC Raulston Arboretum)

Dr. J. C. Raulston - August 1987

The following compilation is the first attempt to develop a single list of all conifers in The NCSU Arboretum (now the JC Raulston Arboretum) collections with their current location (keyed to the map at the end of this newsletter) and size. Undoubtedly numerous errors exist, plants will be missing, and many corrected identifications will need to be made. But students, visitors and growers can get a rough idea of contents of the collection, and the majority of plants can be located through use of this guide. This listing will be accompanied by new labels on all conifers in the arboretum at this time. Those who want to try to find specific plants from this list on a visit of the arboretum will find a map showing the bed location indicated in the list below included at the end of the newsletter.

Abies balsamea 'Nana' (8") P-03

Abies bornmuellerana (1') Nursery

Abies firma (3" seedlings) Nursery

Abies firma (Rooted cuttings) (1-2') Nursery

Abies firma (3') W-08

Abies fraseri (2') Nursery

Abies homolepis (3" seedlings) Nursery

Abies homolepis 'Prostrata' (10") Nursery

Abies kawakamii (2-4") Nursery

Abies mariesii (NA 51364) (4") Nursery

Abies pindrow (1'') Nursery

Abies pinsapo var. marocana (6") Nursery

Abies pinsapo var. Taz-? (8") Nursery

Abies sachalinensis BSG 169/77 (3') L-04

Abies sp. (1') W-12

Abies sp. (1') W-12

Abies vejari (18") Nursery

Araucaria araucana (4') E-03

Araucaria araucana (1-2') Nursery

Callitris oblongata (5') L-08

Callitris oblongata (4') Nursery

Calocedrus decurrens (2'') L-02

Cedrus atlantica 'Aurea' (2') Nursery

Cedrus atlantica 'Glauca Aurea' (4'') W-01

Cedrus atlantica 'Glauca Pendula' (9') E-02

Cedrus atlantica 'Glauca Pendula' (4')

Cedrus atlantica 'Gold Tip' (15") Nursery

Cedrus deodara 'Aurea Pendula' (7'') S-03

Cedrus deodara ''Aurea Prostrata'' (18") Nursery

Cedrus deodara 'Creampuff' (2') Nursery

Cedrus deodara 'Descanso Dwarf'' (4'') S-03

Cedrus deodara 'Kashmir' (7') E-25

Cedrus deodara 'Nana' (5"T X 1'W) L-04

Cedrus deodara 'Prostrata' (?) (8"T X 1'W) L-04

Cedrus deodara ''Pygmea'' (NA 28932) (18") E-25

Cedrus deodara ''Shalimar' (2'')

Cedrus deodara (Unk. Iseli Cv.) (10') E-25

Cedrus deodara (Unk. Cv.) (3'') L-04

Cedrus deodara 'Verticillata Glauca' (8'') E-25

Cedrus deodara 'Viridis Prostrata'' (10"T X 3''W) E-02

Cedrus deodara 'Wells Nursery, WA - Cv.#1'' (4'')

Cedrus deodara 'Well's Nursery, WA - Cv.#2' (4')

Cedrus libani (6') L-04

Cedrus libani 'Brevifolia'' (3'') L-04

Cedrus libani 'Brevifolia Epsteinana' (3') E-25

Cedrus libani 'Glauca Pendula'' (7') E-25

Cedrus libani 'Minuata' (3') E-25

Cephalotaxus coreana (NA3861) (1') Nursery

Cephalotaxus harringtonia 'Duke Gardens' (1') W-07

Cephalotaxus harringtonia 'Fastigata'' (7'') E-04

Cephalotaxus harringtonia 'Ogon' (3') L-04

Cephalotaxus harringtonia 'Pedunculata' (8")

Cephalotaxus harringtonia 'Prostrata' (2') S-05

Cephalotaxus sinensis (3" seedlings) Nursery

Cephalotaxus (Unk. Sp.) (3') W-08

Chamaecyparis henryii (8'') W-09

Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Golden Showers' (6') L-04

Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Lycopoides'' (4'') E-04

Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Nestoides' (2') L-04

Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Stewartii' (15")

Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Stilton Cheese' (18") L-08

Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Winston Churchill' (2') L-08

Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (Unk. SF Cv.) (2'') E-01

Chamaecyparis nootkatensis 'Glauca' (1') E-22

Chamaecyparis nootkatensis 'Glauca Compacta' (15")

Chamaecyparis nootkatensis 'Glauca Nana' (6") E-22

Chamaecyparis nootkatensis 'Pendula' (8') E-22

Chamaecyparis nootkatensis 'Pygmea' (1') E-22

Chamaecyparis nootkatensis 'Variegata' (1') E-22

Chamaecyparis nootkatensis 'Variegata' (6") Nursery

Chamaecyparis nootkatensis 'Variegata' (1') S-03

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Aurea' (1') E-19

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Aurea' (15") W-01

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Bess' (5') L-04

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Confucious' (1') Nursery

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Confucious' (1') S-06

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Confucious' (15") W-16

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Contorta' (3") L-04

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Contorta' (4") L-04

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Coraliformis' (4') E-19

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Crippsii' (8') E-22

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Crippsii' (8') S-04

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Crippsii' (5') W-10

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Filicoides' (3') W-08

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Gracilis' (2') P-02

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Hage'' (3") L-08

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Juniperoides' (4") Nursery

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Kamaani/Hiba' (5"') L-04

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Kosteri' (8") P-03

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Lil Marky' (8") L-04

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Lycopoides' (3') L-04

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Lycopoides Aurea' (2') Nursery

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Lynne's Golden Ceramic Christmas Tree' (8") L-04

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Mariesii' (18") E-19

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Mariesii' (2') E-19

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Mariesii'' (3') E-19

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Mariesii' (1') P-03

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Nana' (18") E-19

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Nana' (10") L-05

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Nana' (5 at 2-3') L-07

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Nana Aurea' (1') E 19

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Nana Aurea' (1') P-03

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Pygmaea' (18") E-19

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Pyramidalis'' (3') L-04

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Reis ?-eka Compacta' (15")

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Sanderi' (6") L-04

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Sanderi' (3') W-13

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Tetragona Aurea'' (9') E-19

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Verdoni' (6") L-04

Chamaecyparis obtusa (Unk. Ext. Dwf.) (3") L-04

Chamaecyparis obtusa (Unk Ext Dwf ) (3") L-04

Chamaecyparis obtusa (Unk. Dwf.) (3') E-19

Chamaecyparis obtusa (Unk. Dwf.) (1') L-04

Chamaecyparis obtusa (Unk. Dwf.) (6") W-01

Chamaecyparis obtusa (Unk. - Nana Aurea?) (1') W-18

Chamancyparis obtusa (Unk. Dw. Silver Var. ) (6") L-08

Chamaecyparis obtusa var. formosana (6') L-04

Chamaecyparis pisifera (30'') E-03

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Aurea Nana' (4') P-02

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Boulevard' (9') E-19

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Chabo-Yadori' (7') E-19

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Filifera' (22'') E-04

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Filifera' (2') S-01

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Filifera' (3') W-13

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Filifera' (4') W 16

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Filifera Aurea' (3') E-23

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Filifera Aurea' (15")W-01

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Filifera Aurea' (1') W-01

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Filifera Aurea' (6') W-02

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Filifera Aurea' (15")W-16

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Filifera Aureovariegata' (10")

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Gekko Hiba' (6') E-19

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Gold Dust' (7') W-08

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'GoId Selection' (2') S-06

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Hakko Hiba' (8') L-04

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Hakko Hiba' (5') L-06

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Juniperoides Aurea' (15") E-19

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Minima' (w/reversion) (2') E-19

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Minima Aureovariegata' (2') E-19

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Minima Aureovariegata' (2') E-19

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Monstrosa' (18") L-04

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Plumosa Aurea' (7') E-19

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Plumosa Aureovariegata'(9') E-19

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Plumosa Compressa' (2') E-01

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Plumosa Juniperoides' (3') E-19

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Plumosa Rogersii' (6') W-08

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Sanderi' (4') E-19

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Sanderi'(?) (1') W-18

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Snow' (30") E-19

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Snow' (2') L-04

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Snow' (2') W-05

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Squarrosa Cristata' (4') E-19

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Squarrosa Lutea' (8') E-19

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Squarrosa Minima' (2') E-02

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Squarrosa Nana Aurea' 6' W-08

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Tetragona' (5') E-19

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Tetragona' (9') E-19

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Tetragona'(6') E-22

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Tetragona Aurea' (3') E-23

Chamaecyparis pisifera (Unk. Cv.) (18") E-19

Chamaecyparis pisifera (Unk. Cv.) (15") W-13

Chamaecyparis pisifera (Unk. Cv.) (20") W-16

Chamaecyparis pisifera (Unk. Dwf. Cv.) (10") W-18

Chamaecyparis pisifera (Unk. Dwf. Cv.) (2') E-19

Chamaecyparis pisifera (Unk. Golden Cv.) (4') W-13

Chamaecyparis pisifera (Unk. Golden Cv.) (4') W-18

Chamaecyparis pisifera (Unk. Golden Dwf. Var.) (2') L-04

Chamaecyparis thyoides 'Ericoides' (6') L-04

Chamaecyparis thyoides 'Heather' (15") Greenhouse

Chamaecyparis thyoides 'Little Jamie' (5') L-04

Cryptomeria fortunei (Nanjing 83) (4') E-22

Cryptomeria japonica 'Akita Strain' (5" Seedlings)

Cryptomeria japonica 'Araucarioides' (1') E-22

Cryptomeria japonica 'Bandai Sugi' (4') E-16

Cryptomeria japonica 'Benjamin Franklin' (3-7') W-08

Cryptomeria japonica 'Compressa' (4") Nursery

Cryptomeria japonica 'Cristata' (8') P-04

Cryptomeria japonica 'Elegans' (3') E-22

Cryptomeria japonica 'Elegans Nana' (3') E-16

Cryptomeria japonica 'Elegans Nana' (2') E-19

Cryptomeria japonica 'Elegans Nana' (1') Greenhouse

Cryptomeria japonica 'Elegans Nana' (3') E-22

Cryptomeria japonica 'Jindai Sugi' (1') E-16

Cryptomeria japonica 'Jundai Sugi' (5') E-16

Cryptomeria japonica 'Jundai Sugi' (6') E-16

Cryptomeria japonica 'Monstrosa Nana' (2') E-22

Cryptomeria japonica 'Nana Albospicata' (1') E-03

Cryptomeria japonica 'Nana Albospicata' (1') E-04

Cryptomeria japonica 'Nana Albospicata' (4') E-15

Cryptomeria japonica 'Pomona'' (Doubtful ID) (1')' E-22

Cryptomeria japonica f. radicans (BSG 260) 3' E-22

Cryptomeria japonica 'Sekkan Sugi' (14') E-22

Cryptomeria japonica 'Sekkan Sugi' (11') P-03

Cryptomeria japonica 'Spiraliter Falcata' (1') E-22

Cryptomeria japonica 'Spiraliter Falcata' (2') L-04

Cryptomeria japonica 'Tenzan Yatsabusa' (4") L-04

Cryptomeria japonica 'Taisho Tamasugi' (2') E-22

Cryptomeria japonica 'Taisho Tamasugi' (1') Nursery

Cryptomeria japonica 'Tansu' (1') P-03

Cryptomeria japonica Unk. Cv. (2') E-22

Cryptomeria japonica Unk. Cv. (2') E-22

Cryptomeria japonica Unk. Cv. (3') E-22

Cryptomeria japonica Unk. Cv. (7') L-06

Cryptomeria japonica Unk. Cv. (8") Nursery

Cryptomeria japonica Unk. Cv. (2') W-09

Cryptomeria japonica 'Vilmoriniana' (2') E-16

Cryptomeria japonica 'Vilmoriniana' (1') E-16

Cryptomeria japonica 'Witch's Broom' (8") E-16

Cryptomeria japonica 'Yellow Twig' (1') E-16

Cryptomeria japonica 'Yoshino' (18') E-16

Cunninghamia konishii (9') L-04

Cunninghamia konishii (1-3') Nursery

Cunninghamia konishii (15") W-07

Cunninghamia lanceolata 'Glauca' (5') E-18

Cunninghamia lanceolata 'Glauca' (1-4') Nursery

Cupressocyparis leylandii (20-24') E-08

Cupressocyparis leylandii (20-24') E-09

Cupressocyparis leylandii (20-24') E-17

Cupressocyparis leylandii (10') L-05

Cuprossocyparis leylandii (10') L-06

Cupressocyparis leylandii (14-20') S-03

Cupressocyparis leylandii (14') W-02

Cupressocyparis leylandii (8-15') W-03

Cupressocyparis leylandii (6-10') W-14

Cupressocyparis leylandii 'Castlewellan' (10')P-04

Cupressocyparis leylandii 'Castlewellan'(14')W-06

Cupressocyparis leylandii 'Contorta' (7') P-04

Cupressocyparis leylandii 'Contorta' (5') W-07

Cupressocyparis leylandii '-- Gold' (4') E-01

Cupressocyparis leylandii 'Gold Cup' (3-5') E-02

Cupressocyparis leylandii 'Green Spire' (4') E-01

Cupressocyparis leylandii 'Haggerstown Grey' (17') E-01

Cupressocyparis leylandii 'Naylor's Blue'(17')E-01

Cupressocyparis leylandii 'Naylor's Blue' (9')E-10

Cupressocyparis leylandii 'Naylor's Blue'(5') W-06

Cupressocyparis leylandii 'Robinson's Gold'(3')E-01

Cupressocyparis leylandii Unk. Cv.(Var.) 17' E-01

Cupressocyparis notabilis (13') E-01

Cupressocyparis notabilis (7'') W-17

Cupressocyparis ovensii (12') E-02

Cupressus bakeri (2') E 07

Cupressus bakeri (1') Nursery

Cupressus bakeri (2') S-06

Cupressus bakeri (7') W-07

Cupressus cashmeriana (4') Nursery

Cupressus duclouxiana (2'') E-07

Cupressus duclouxiana (6') E-07

Cupressus funebris (4') E-07

Cupressus glabra 'Blue Ice' (3'') E-22

Cupressus glabra 'Clemson Green' (4') E-07

Cupressus glabra 'Gareei'' (14') E-07

Cupressus glabra 'Gareei' (10') W-07

Cupressus glabra 'Silver Smoke'' (2') E-22

Cupressus lusitanica (7') E-07

Cupressus macnabiana (4') E-07

Cupressus macrocarpa (4') E-07

Cupressus macrocarpa 'Nana' (2') L-04

Cupressus sargentii (1') E-07

Cupressus sargentii (2') E-07

Cupressus sempervirens 'Swanne's Golden' (6') L-04

Cupressus (Unk. Sp.) (7') W-13

Dacrydium bidwillii (2') Nursery

Dacrydium franklinii (10") Nursery

Fitzroya cupressoides (8") Nursery

Fokienia hodginsii (4') Nursery

Ginkgo biloba (10') L-06

Ginkgo biloba (3') W-08

Ginkgo biloba 'Chi-Chi' (9') W-08

Ginkgo biloba 'Saratoga'' (3'') W-08

Ginkgo biloba 'Variegata' (18") Nursery

Glyptostrobus lineatus (12') E-04

Glyptostrobus lineatus (8') W-06

Juniperus (?-Cupressus bakeri) (9') E-07

Juniperus cedrus (18") Nursery

Juniperus chinensis 'Blaauwi' (4') E-20

Juniperus chinensis 'Blue Shimpaku' (2') S-03

Juniperus chinensis 'Corymbosa' (2') W-02

Juniperus chinensis 'Expansa Aureospicata' (1') E-16

Juniperus chinensis 'Expansa Aureospicata' (3') E-19

Juniperus chinensis 'Expansa Aureospicata' (2') E-19

Juniperus chinensis 'Expansa Aureospicata'' (10") E-24

Juniperus chinensis 'Expansa Aureospicata' (1') P-03

Juniperus chinensis 'Expansa Aureospicata' - Juv. (2')

Juniperus chinensis 'Foemina' (9') E-16

Juniperus chinensis 'Oblonga' (11') S-06

Juniperus chinensis 'Old Gold' (4'T X 10'W) E-20

Juniperus chinensis 'Parsonii' (4') E-03

Juniperus chinensis 'Parsonii' (2'T X 12'W) E-16

Juniperus chinensis 'Parsonii' (3'T X 9''W) E-19

Juniperus chinensis 'Pyramidalis' (12') E-03

Juniperus chinensis 'Shimpaku' (4'') E-16

Juniperus chinensis 'Shimpaku' (15") W-01

Juniperus chinensis 'Shimpaku Aurea' (2') W-13

Juniperus chinensis 'Stricta' (10') E-19

Juniperus chinensis 'Torulosa' (14') E-20

Juniperus chinensis 'Torulosa Variegata' (7') E-20

Juniperus chinensis (?) (Unk. Cv.) (2') W-09

Juniperus communis 'Berkshire' (1'T X 2'W) L-02

Juniperus communis 'Compressa' (4') E-19

Juniperus communis 'Depressa' (3') E-19

Juniperus communis 'Depressa Aurea' (3') E-19

Juniperus communis 'Veitch's Blue' (15") W-13

Juniperus communis (Unk. Cv.) (1' T X 3' W) E 16

Juniperus communis (Unk. Cv.) (2''T X 7'W) E-19

Juniperus communis (Unk. Cv.) (4') E-19

Juniperus communis (Unk Cv ) (2') E 19

Juniperus conferta (6"T X 2''W) E-16

Juniperus conferta (2'T X 16''W) E-16

Juniperus conferta (15") E-34

Juniperus conferta 'Akebono' (6") E-07

Juniperus conferta 'BSG1932-Golden Vr'' (6") E-07

Juniperus conferta 'Blue Pacific' (6") E-07

Juniperus conferta 'Emerald Sea' (6") E-07

Juniperus conferta 'Silver Mist' (6"T X 3''W) L-02

Juniperus conferta 'Silver Mist' (8") Nursery

Juniperus deppeana 'McPhetters' (5') E-22

Juniperus deppeana 'McPhetters' (2') Greenhouse

Juniperus formosana (4') E-16

Juniperus 'Hetzi' (9') E-19

Juniperus horizontalis 'Admirabilis' (18"T X 11''W) E-19

Juniperus horizontalis 'Adpressa' MN54 (2") W-18

Juniperus horizontalis 'Alpina' (4') E-22

Juniperus horizontalis 'Alpina' (18"T X 3'W) W-09

Juniperus horizontalis 'Andorra Compacta' (1') W-10

Juniperus horizontalis 'Argentea' AR91 (3") W-18

Juniperus horizontalis 'Aunt Jemina'' (1''T X 4''W) W-09

Juniperus horizontalis 'Bar Harbor' (3'"T X 8'W) E-20

Juniperus horizontalis 'Bar Harbor'' (6") S-01

Juniperus horizontalis 'Bar Harbor' (4"T X 6'W) W-09

Juniperus horizontalis 'Big Sky Davidson' (3") W-17

Juniperus horizontalis 'Blue Acres' (3"TX3''W) W-10

Juniporus horizontalis 'Blue Chip' (6"T X 3'W) E-20

Juniperus horizontalis 'Blue Chip' (5" X 3'W) W-09

Juniperus horizontalis 'Blue Forest' (8"T X 2'W) W-09

Juniperus horizontalis 'Blue Horizon' (2"T X 6'W) E-20

Juniperus horizontalis 'Blue Horizon' (3"T X 2'W) W-09

Juniperus horizontalis 'Blue Mat' (3"T X 4''W) W-09

Juniperus horizontalis ''Blue Vase'' (Not True) (8") W-18

Junipcrus horizontalis 'Coast of Maine'(3" X 6''W) W-10

Juniperus horizontalis 'Douglasii' (7"T X 5'W) W-18

Juniperus horizontalis 'Emerald Isle' (4"T X 3'W) W-10

Juniperus horizontalis 'Emerald Spreader' (3") E-20

Juniperus horizontalis 'Emerald Spreader' (4") W-09

Juniperus horizontalis 'Emerson' BBG 7492 (4") W-10

Juniperus horizontalis 'Exima' UTA (4"T X 4'W) W-18

Juniperus horizontalis 'Filicinus Minimus'' (3") W-17

Juniperus horizontalis 'Girard' (2"T X 2''W) W-17

Juniperus horizontalis 'Glauca' (3"T X 5''W) W-09

Juniperus horizontalis 'Glauca' AR94 (15"T X 6''W) W-10

Juniperus horizontalis 'Glenmore' (4"T X 2''W) W-18

Juniperus horizontalis 'Glomerata'' (6"T X 5''W) E-19

Juniperus horizontalis 'Glomerata' (2"T X 3''W) W-17

Juniperus horizontalis 'Green Acres' (4"T X 3''W) W-10

Juniperus horizontalis 'Hill #2' (5"T X 5"W) W-17

Juniperus horizontalis 'Holden #1' (5"T X 15"W) W-17

Juniperus horizontalis 'Hughes' (3'T X 7'W) W-09

Juniperus horizontalis 'Humilis' (2"T X 2'W) W-17

Juniperus horizontalis 'Jade River' (4"T X 4''W) W-18

Juniperus horizontalis 'Jade Spreader'(3"T X 3''W) W-10

Juniperus horizontalis 'LCH 48'' (6"T X 6''W) W-10

Juniperus horizontalis 'Lime Glow' (1') Greenhouse

Juniperus horizontalis 'Livida' (6") P-02

Juniperus horizontalis 'Livida' UTA (4"T X 3'W) W-17

Juniperus horizontalis 'Livingston' MN68 (1') W-10

Juniperus horizontalis 'Mother Lode' (5"T X 2'W)

Juniperus horizontalis 'Mother Lode' (3"T X 1'W) W-18

Juniperus horizontalis 'Planifolia'MO26 (1'T X 4'W)W-18

Juniperus horizontalis 'Plumosa' MO29 (10") W-17

Juniperus horizontalis 'Prince of Wales' (6") W-09

Juniperus horizontalis 'Prostrata' MO33 (4") W-17

Juniperus horizontalis 'Prostrata Glauca' (2") W-17

Juniperus horizontalis 'Prostrata Glauca' (2") W-18

Juniperus horizontalis 'Prostrata Nana'(3"T X 5'W)W-18

Juniperus horizontalis 'Pulchella' (5"T X 4''W) W-18

Juniperus horizontalis 'RBGH 74038' (2"T X 5''W) W-17

Juniperus horizontalis 'Repens' (4"T X 4''W) W-17

Juniperus horizontalis 'Ro---mara (4"T X 2''W) W-17

Juniperus horizontalis 'Silver Sheen' (6") S-06

Juniperus horizontalis 'Silver Sheen' (4"T X 4'W) W-18

Juniperus horizontalis 'Slow Blue' (4"T X 3'W) W-18

Juniperus horizontalis 'Sp. 77/074' (6"T X 5'W) W-17

Juniperus horizontalis 'Tures' Wisc.' (10" X 3'W) W-10

Juniperus horizontalis 'Turquoise Spreader'(5") E-20

Juniperus horizontalis 'Turquoise Spreader' (4") W-09

Juniperus horizontalis 'UBC #2' (3"T X 18"W) W-09

Juniperus horizontalis 'UBC #2' (6"T X 15"W) W-18

Juniperus horizontalis 'Unk. Blue Cv. (8"T X 5'W) E-34

Juniperus horizontalis 'Variegata' (6"T X 4'W) W-09

Juniperus horizontalis 'Venusta' BBG (3"T X 4'W) W-10

Juniperus horizontalis 'Watnong' (2"T X 4'W) W-18

Juniperus horizontalis 'Waukegan Sport' (3') W-09

Juniperus horizontalis 'Wilms' (1'T X 3'W) W-18

Juniperus horizontalis 'Wiltoni' (Blue Rug) (2") E-20

Juniperus horizontalis 'Wiltoni' (Blue Rug) (3") W-09

Juniperus horizontalis 'Wisconsin' WI106 (4") W-18

Juniperus horizontalis 'Youngstown' (18"T X 5'W) E-20

Juniperus horizontalis 'Youngstown' (8"T X 2'W) W-09

Juniperus horizontalis 'Yukon Belle' (4"T X 6'W) W-O9

Juniperus horizontalis ?? (gomerata?) (5"T X 1'W) E-1

Juniperus horizontalis (Unk. Cv.) (1'T X 8'W) E-16

Juniperus horizontalis (Unk. Cv.) (6"T X 9'W) E-19

Juniperus horizontalis (Unk. Cv.) W-18

Juniperus horizontalis (Unk. Cv.) W-18

Juniperus horizontalis '148-61' (6"T X 3'W) W-10

Juniperus horizontalis X J. virginiana 'Hermit' (2') W-10

Juniperus insida (3') W-08

Juniperus X media 'Arctic' (15") E-17

Juniperus X media 'Armstrong' (5') E-06

Juniperus X media 'Armstrong - UnVar. Sport' (1') E-17

Juniperus X media 'Blue & Gold' (1') L-04

Juniperus X media 'Blue & Gold' (7') S-06

Juniperus X media 'Globosa Cinerea' (2') E-20

Juniperus X media 'Milky Way' (2') Greenhouse

Juniperus X media 'Mint Julip' (4') E-17

Juniperus X media 'Old Gold' (3') E-17

Juniperus X media 'Pfitzeriana Aurea' (5'T X 12'W) E-19

Juniperus X media 'Plumosa Aurea' (2') E-16

Juniperus X media 'Saybrook Gold' (2') E-18

Juniperus X media 'San Jose' (6"T X 2'W) W-11

Juniperus X media 'Seagreen' (4') W-11

Juniperus X media (Unk. Cv.) (3') E-17

Juniperus X media (Unk. Cv.) (5') E-18

Juniperus X media (Unk. Cv.) (5') E-18

Juniperus X media (Unk. Cv.) (4'T X 6'W) W-11

Juniperus occidentalis (1') E-16

Juniperus procumbens (1'T X 10'W) E-19

Juniperus procumbens (1') E-34

Juniperus procumbens 'Bonin Isles' (1'T X 6'W) E-19

Juniperus procumbens 'California Nana' (5"T X 3'W) E-24

Juniperus procumbens 'Greenmound' (5"T X 3'W) E-24

Juniperus recurva var. coxii (2') Nursery

Juniperus recurva var. coxii (3') L-08

Juniperus rigida (3') E-16

Juniperus rigida (6') W-01

Juniperus rigida (?) (3') W-01

Juniperus rigida (15") W-18

Juniperus sabina 'Arcadia' (6") E-07

Juniperus sabina 'Broadmoor' (6") E-07

Juniperus sabina 'Broadmoor' (1'T X 9'W) E-18

Juniperus sabina 'Buffalo' (6") E-07

Juniperus sabina 'Calgary Carpet' (6") E-07

Juniperus sabina 'Calgary Carpet' (1'T X 7'W) E-19