This section contains information and requirements to ensure that all research equipment built and for use by faculty, staff, and students is safe, free from recognized hazards, and suitable for installation and use.
- State and local code requirements.
- Unique location safety requirements.
- Energy conservation requirements
- Installation and service requirements.
- Special operating requirements.
2. Equipment shall not be placed into service until it has been accepted in accordance with established location procedures.
2.2 New Equipment Requirements
2.2.1 Equipment Quotation. Quotations for new equipment shall:
3. List any exceptions or deviations from the specified standard.
Note: Exceptions and deviations:
a. Must not compromise employee safety.
b. Must be approved by the equipment requester.
c. Must be documented as part of the permanent record.
2.2.2 Equipment Examination. New equipment, or existing equipment that is to be relocated must be examined for recognized hazards when it is installed.
2.2.3 Suitability for Installation and Use. New equipment shall be suitable for installation and use for the identified purpose as evidenced by a satisfactory examination as follows:
2. Equipment that is listed or labeled by a nationally recognized testing laboratory shall be examined for damage, alteration, or misapplication.
3. Equipment that is built to a recognized industry or ANSI standard shall be examined for compliance to that standard and for damage, alteration, or misapplication.
4. Where there is no commercially available equipment that has been approved by a nationally recognized testing laboratory or built to an acceptable industry standard, the sections of this document relative to safety features shall be used as a guideline to evaluate the safeness of the equipment. The equipment shall also be examined for damage, alteration, or misapplication.
2.2.4 Noncompliance
2. The equipment requester reserves the right to reject any part or all of the equipment that the does not conform to this document.
EXCEPTION: Approved exemptions and deviations.
3. Rejected equipment may be returned to the supplier, at the supplier’s expense, for credit or replacement.
Electrical systems diagrams shall be provided. They shall include but are not limited to the following information.
2.3.1 Conductors. Drawings shall show:
1. All conductors
2. Conductor color, size and identification.
3. Multiconductor cables with color code used, the number of conductors used, and
the AWG or Metric size, e.g., 20 / #18.
2.3.2 Components (Devices). Components shall be:
1. Identified on the drawing to match the equipment.
2. Shown with all wiring connection.
Note: Internal wiring of subassemblies may be shown on separate drawings.
2.3.3 Terminals. Terminal boards and terminal connections shall be identified.
2.3.4 Contacts. Where switches, relays, contactors, motor starters, etc., are used, their contact position (normally open, normally closed, etc.) with all utilities off shall be indicated.
2.3.5 Thermal Overloads. The thermal overload location in power and / or control circuits shall be shown.
2.3.6 Function. The function of all switches and control devices shall be shown.
2.3.7 Motors. Size (watts / horsepower) and function shall be indicated.
2.3.8 Power Requirements. Supply voltage, phase, frequency and amperage shall be shown.
2.3.9 Symbols. The symbols shown in Appendix C are National Equipment Manufacturers’ Association (NEMA) electrical. For symbols not shown, refer to ANSI / IEEE 315.
2.3.9.1 Unique Symbols. Unique symbols shall be identified and explained.
2.3.10 Component Specifications. All components (circuit breakers, transformers, fuses, etc.) shall indicate applicable values, e.g., interrupt capacity, amperage, voltage, kVA.
See 3.1.3.
2.3.11 Convenience Outlets. Shall be represented by a NEMA configuration indicating voltage, amperage, and grounding. See Figure 3 and Figure 4.
2.3.12 Grounding (EARTH). The main grounding conductor and all component grounding conductors shall be shown.
2.3.13 Calibration Points. All test points requiring power for tests or adjustments shall be shown.
2.4.1 Warning Signs. Warning signs are needed to identify and locate potential hazards. The need for such warnings is particularly significant:
- Where the hazard may not be immediately apparent.
- Where personnel may assume there is no hazard when, in fact, one exists.
- Where the hazard may exist only under a certain set of conditions and not otherwise.
2.4.1.1 Hazard Warning. Nonservice personnel shall be warned of the presence of possible hazards in service areas. A sign mounted on a structural member of the machine reading Hazardous Area - Trained Service Personnel Only shall be used when there is exposure to chemical, electrical, thermal or mechanical hazards. Excessive use of this sign shall be avoided.
2.4.1.2 Hazardous Potential Warning. Hazardous potentials (other than line voltage) above 250 VAC or DC must be identified by a prominent sign located near energized parts. The sign applicable to the highest voltage present shall be used.
2.4.1.3 Line Voltage Warning. Terminals with hazardous potentials present after the supply circuit disconnecting means is placed in the Off position shall be identified:
1. The sign shall read Line Voltage Present with Machine Power Off, or Line Voltage Always Present.
2. The sign shall be placed inside the enclosure adjacent to the terminals.
2.4.2 Main Control Enclosure. A label indicating the following information shall be installed near the supply circuit disconnecting means:
- Voltage (V)
- Amperage (A)
- Phase (Ph)
- Frequency (Hz)
NC State Power Requirements
|
V: |
A: |
Ph: |
Hz: |
Note: Insert the measured operating amperage value of the highest phase.
2.4.3 Circuit Protection Devices. The rated current (in amperes) of the circuit protection devices shall be visibly indicated near the device. Special fuses must also indicate type.
2.4.4 Emergency Off (EMO). EMO devices shall be engraved or have a red legend plate or label with white letters stating "EMERGENCY OFF."
2.4.5 Hot. Surface temperatures exceeding the limits of Section 12 shall be identified. The label shall :
1. Read "CAUTION - HOT SURFACE, AVOID CONTACT."
2. Be yellow with black letters.
3. Be located on or adjacent to the hot surface.
2.4.6 Components (Devices). Shall be identified to (not on) the component with the same designation as shown on the diagram.
2.4.7 Functions. The function of each control station component shall be identified on or adjacent to the component.
2.4.8 Motors (186 watts or (1/4 HP) or Larger). Motors shall display:
1. Direction arrows, where applicable.
2. "Thermally Protected" or "TP", where applicable.
3. Manufacturer’s nameplate.
2.4.9 Radio Frequency (RF). Equipment that requires FCC certification shall be clearly indicated by:
1. FCC certification labels.
2. RF labels.
3. High voltage labels (maximum power output).
2.4.10 Cables. Jacketed cables containing voltages in excess of 24 V shall be marked showing their voltage, type, size, and temperature rating or manufacturer’s part number. See 4.4.
2.4.11 Voltage (nominal). Terminal boards and junction boxes located on units outside recognized power compartments, with potentials greater than 24 V, shall be labeled to clearly indicate the voltages present.
Nominal voltages for circuits are 24 V AC or DC, 120 / 208 VAC and 480 VAC.
2.6 Equipment Power Guidelines
Table 1 (below), Figure 23 and Figure 24 are provided as guides for determining equipment power requirements.
|
Equipment Power (kW) Requirements | Recommended Voltage (V) & Phase (Ph) |
Approx. Amperage Range (A) |
|
0 kW - 3 kW 0 kW - 5 kW 3 kW - 30 kW 15 kW & over |
120 V , 1 Ph 208 V , 1 Ph 208 V , 3 Ph 480 V , 3 Ph |
0 A - 25 A 0 A - 25 A 10 A - 80 A 20 A & over |
Table 1. Equipment Power Requirements.
2.7 Mechanical Execution of Work
Components, conductors, and equipment shall be installed in a neat and workmanlike manner.
2.8 Existing Equipment Requirements
2.8.1 Equipment Examination. Existing equipment must be examined for recognized hazards whenever:
1. It is installed.
2. It is relocated or transferred.
3. It undergoes a major engineering change.
4. It is thought to be unsafe because of an accident , injury, or near miss.
2.8.2 Suitability for Installation and Use.
The requirements of this document shall be used as a guideline for measuring the suitability of equipment for installation and use. The following list contains the minimum required safety features:
1. Single source of power.
2. Reliable means of electrical disconnect.
3. Accessible emergency off switch(es).
4. Sufficient operator control.
5. Fail-safe controls and circuits.
6. No visible electrical or mechanical hazards.
7. Appropriate warning labels.
8. Appropriate overload protection of conductors and components.
9. Effective grounding path from circuits and equipment that:
a. Is permanent and continuous.
b. Has the capacity to safely conduct fault currents.
c. Allows protection devices to quickly clear faults.
2.8.3 Noncompliance. Equipment which is unsafe for personnel, hazardous or unstable for installation and use must not be placed into operation until it is modified at the owner’s expense.
2.9.1 Flammables. Equipment containing flammable gases, vapors, or liquids, combustible dust, or ignitible fibers or flyings must be reviewed by appropriate EHSC personnel.
2.9.2 Hazardous or Toxic Materials. Equipment containing hazardous or toxic materials must be reviewed by appropriate EHSC personnel.
2.9.3 Radiation (Ionizing or Nonionizng) Equipment emitting ionizing or nonionizing radiation must be reviewed by appropriate EHSC personnel.
2.9.4 Lasers. Lasers shall meet all applicable Federal, State, and local certification requirements and must be reviewed by the NC State Laser Safety Officer.
2.9.5 Radio Frequency (RF). Industrial, Scientific, and Medical equipment (ISM) that emits electromagnetic energies on frequencies within the RF spectrum shall comply with FCC rules and regulations. The supplier shall furnish documentation of FCC verification or certification to NC State / EHSC.
2.9.6 High Voltage. Equipment having circuits operating at potentials over 600 V must be reviewed by appropriate EHSC personnel.
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