Pinus echinata
Mill.
Reproductive Structures
Male cones
occur in clusters at base of new shoots of branches in lower crown
2 to 3 cm (0.8 to 1.2 in) long at maturity
green to yellow, turning reddish-purple
mature and release pollen in March and April
Female cones
occur singly in clusters of 2 to 4 on stems below new shoots
1 to 4 cm (0.4 to 1.6 in) long at time of pollination
green or red to purple at time of pollination
4 to 6 cm (1.6 to 2.4 in) long at maturity
dull to light brown
ovoid-oblong to conical
nearly sessile or short-stalked
apophysis is reddish-brown and rounded
umbo armed with small, sharp and occasionally deciduous prickles
mature and release seed September through October of second season
persist on branch for several years
Seeds
4 to 8 mm (0.2 to 0.3 in) long
dark brown
triangular
wings 8 to 12 mm (0.3 to 0.5 in) long; tan to purplish
Pinus echinata
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Range and Habitat
Interactive Comparison Tool
Bark
Reproductive Structures
Glossary
Leaves and Buds
Additional Images
References