About the Participants
Who?
Undergraduate students enrolled in participating instructors' science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) classes
Where?
The study sampled 30 classes (1,640 undergraduates) from seven geographically diverse universities within the United States
How?
STEM instructors from U.S. universities were asked to volunteer their classes for the study. Undergraduate students were sent a link to the web survey
Classrooms
Mixture of basic and advanced STEM classes
Diversity of instructors, universities, and geographical location
Students
Students with varied majors (STEM and non-STEM)
Students from different backgrounds (race, ethnicity, gender, and citizenship)